Black House Spider
Badumna insignis
Family: Desidae ID: Koch, 1872
Habitat and Biology
Commonly found around buildings in the corners of window
frames and doors, in crevices of brickwork, under eaves, etc. In nature, they
are found in holes in tree trunks, crevices in rocks, etc. The distinctive lacy
web with funnels is sometimes confused with that of a funnel-web spider, but
all species of funnel-web spiders found in Victoria build their retreats at
or below ground level. The black house spider is a timid spider and will normally
only venture from its retreat when prey is entangled in the web. The prey is
then quickly seized and dragged back into the tube. Males wander at night during
the mating period. After mating the female lays her silk-encased eggs within
the tube. The maximum life span is around two years.
Colour
Male: Similar to female but often slightly paler.
Female: Cephalothorax and legs shiny black, abdomen
duller black or grey-black.
Form
Robust, hairy spider with a typically blunt, square front end
of the cephalothorax.
Body Length
Male: 10mm
Female: 20mm
Web type
Lacy sheet with one or two funnel-shaped entrances leading
into a tubular retreat.
Bite
Because of its timid nature this spider rarely bites humans;
however, the bite can cause general symptoms including nausea, sweating, localised
pain and swelling.